![]() ![]() Generalized lymphadenopathy in homosexual men. Metroka CE, Cunningham-Rundles S, Pollack MS, et al. Dynamic signaling by T follicular helper cells during germinal center B cell selection. Shulman Z, Gitlin AD, Weinstein JS, et al. This is the first study showing the trafficking of Tfh between GCs within the same LN as a mechnaism for diversification of CD4 follicular help and antigenic variation during the develpoment of antigen-specific B cell responses. T follicular helper cell dynamics in germinal centers. Germinal center dynamics revealed by multiphoton microscopy with a photoactivatable fluorescent reporter. Victora GD, Schwickert TA, Fooksman DR, et al. Mature follicular dendritic cell networks depend on expression of lymphotoxin beta receptor by radioresistant stromal cells and of lymphotoxin beta and tumor necrosis factor by B cells. Abnormal development of secondary lymphoid tissues in lymphotoxin beta-deficient mice. ![]() 2014 14:495–504.Īlimzhanov MB, Kuprash DV, Kosco-Vilbois MH, et al. Follicular dendritic cells: dynamic antigen libraries. Germinal-center organization and cellular dynamics. Follicular dendritic cell networks of primary follicles and germinal centers: phenotype and function. Normal structure, function, and histology of lymph nodes. A brief history of T cell help to B cells. Large number of rebounding/founder HIV variants emerge from multifocal infection in lymphatic tissues after treatment interruption. Rothenberger MK, Keele BF, Wietgrefe SW, et al. HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease. Pantaleo G, Graziosi C, Demarest JF, et al. This study demonstartes the persistence of HIV replication at tissue level in cART treated donors and provides a dynamic model for viral evolution and speading between tissues under these conditions. Persistent HIV-1 replication maintains the tissue reservoir during therapy. Lorenzo-Redondo R, Fryer HR, Bedford T, et al.Lymph nodes harbor viral reservoirs that cause rebound of plasma viremia in SIV-infected macaques upon cessation of combined antiretroviral therapy. Quantitative image analysis of HIV-1 infection in lymphoid tissue. Population biology of HIV-1 infection: viral and CD4+ T cell demographics and dynamics in lymphatic tissues. Massive covert infection of helper T lymphocytes and macrophages by HIV during the incubation period of AIDS. Preferential infection of CD4+ memory T cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1: evidence for a role in the selective T-cell functional defects observed in infected individuals. Schnittman SM, Lane HC, Greenhouse J, et al. Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: A better understanding of the biology of immune cells in HIV-infected lymph nodes is a prerequisite to attaining the ultimate goal of complete viral eradication. The coexistence of constant local inflammation, altered tissue architecture, and relative exclusion of virus-specific CD8 T cells from the GCs creates a unique environment for the virus evolution and establishment of viral reservoir in specific GC cells, namely T follicular helper CD4 T cells (Tfh). Investigation into the structural and functional alterations induced by HIV and Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has further cemented the central role that lymphoid tissue plays in HIV/SIV pathogenesis. Lymph node (LN) pathology was recognized as an important consequence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection since the beginning of the HIV epidemic. Lymph nodes play a central role in the development of adaptive immunity against pathogens and particularly the generation of antigen-specific B cell responses in specialized areas called germinal centers (GCs).
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